How to add natural numbers? Let's learn with an example:
The numbers addition to perform: 48 + 85
Method used below: column adding, from right to left (traditional)
- Stack the numbers on top of each other.
- The ones digits line up in the first column from the right.
- The tens digits line up in the next column to the left.
4 8 + 8 5
?
- Add column by column; start from the column on the right
- Add the digits in the ones column:
8 + 5 = 13 - How did we add the digits? Group the ones together in order to make tens:
- 8 + 5 = (break into component parts) 8 + 5 = 8 + 2 + 3 = (group by 2) 8 + 2 + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13
- Change the order in which the numbers are added, the sum stays the same.
Break some number(s) into component parts, the sum stays the same.
- 3 is the ones digit - write it down at the base of the ones column.
- 1 is the tens digit - carry it over to the tens column. Write the digit above that column.
- Add it with the rest of the digits in that column.
1 4 8 + 8 5 3
Add the digits in the tens column:
4 + 8 + 1 = 13
How did we add the digits? Explanation below.
Group the ones together in order to make tens:
4 + 8 + 1 =
add marked digits: 4 + 8 + 1 =
(4 + 1) + 8 =
5 + 8 =
break into component parts: 5 + 8 =
2 + 3 + 8 =
group by 2: 2 + 3 + 8 =
(2 + 8) + 3 =
10 + 3 =
13
Change the order in which the numbers are added, the sum stays the same.
Break some number(s) into component parts, the sum stays the same.
The sum is a two-digit number: 13.
3 is the tens digit.
Write it down at the base of the tens column.
1 is the hundreds digit.
Since there is no hundreds column...
Write it down at the base, next to the tens digit.
| 1 | ||
| 4 | 8 | |
| + | 8 | 5 |
| 13 | 3 | |