How to add natural numbers? Let's learn with an example:
The numbers addition to perform: 48 + 85
Method used below: column adding, from right to left (traditional)
- Stack the numbers on top of each other.
- The ones digits line up in the first column from the right.
- The tens digits line up in the next column to the left.
4 8 + 8 5
?
- Add column by column; start from the column on the right
- Add the digits in the ones column: 8 + 5 = 13
- How did we add the digits? Group the ones together in order to make tens:
- 8 + 5 = (break 5 into component parts 2 and 3) 8 + 5 = 8 + 2 + 3 = (add 8 and 2 first) (8 + 2) + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13
- Change the order in which the numbers are added, the sum stays the same.
Break some number(s) into component parts, the sum stays the same.
- The sum is a two-digit number: 13.
- 3 is the ones digit - write it down at the base of the ones column.
- 1 is the tens digit - carry it over to the tens column. Write the digit above that column.
- Add it with the rest of the digits in that column.
1 4 8 + 8 5 3
- 4 + 8 + 1 = 13
- How did we add the digits? Group the ones together in order to make tens:
- 4 + 8 + 1 = 4 + 9 = 3 + 1 + 9 = 3 + (1 + 9) = 3 + 10 = 13
- Change the order in which the numbers are added, the sum stays the same.
Break some number(s) into component parts, the sum stays the same.
- 3 is the tens digit - write it down at the base of the tens column.
- 1 is the hundreds digit - since there is no hundreds column, write it down at the base, next to the tens digit.
1 4 8 + 8 5 13 3